Start with the mechanism OpenAI actually documents
ChatGPT can answer from model knowledge, use web search, or visit a page at a user's request. OpenAI says ChatGPT Search uses third-party search providers and partner content. Its help documentation currently names Bing among those providers, but does not say every search answer is a direct, real-time copy of Bing rankings.
- OAI-SearchBot is used to link to and surface websites in ChatGPT Search.
- GPTBot is used to crawl content that may be used to improve OpenAI's models.
- ChatGPT-User supports user-initiated page visits. OpenAI says robots.txt rules may not apply to this user-triggered agent.
OpenAI publishes the distinction in its crawler documentation and describes Search providers in its ChatGPT Search help article.
What you can responsibly improve
1. Search access and page readability
Check whether OAI-SearchBot can access important public pages and whether those pages return useful HTML. Also verify Bing and Google indexation, canonical tags, redirects, and accidental CDN blocks. Being accessible does not guarantee a citation, but being inaccessible can remove an opportunity to be considered.
2. Clear, consistent brand facts
Keep the brand name, services, location, leadership, and official descriptions consistent across owned pages and legitimate profiles. Use Organization or LocalBusiness structured data when it accurately matches visible content. Do not create Wikidata or Wikipedia entries unless the brand meets their independent notability and conflict-of-interest requirements.
3. Evidence a buyer can verify
Publish specific, sourced answers to real buyer questions. Original data, documented methodology, named authors, clear dates, and transparent limitations give both people and machines stronger material than generic category copy. Structured headings and tables can improve readability, but no format is known to guarantee extraction.
4. Legitimate third-party corroboration
Independent reporting, customer references, professional directories, and expert commentary can help establish context around a brand. Relevance and accuracy matter more than placing the brand in as many listicles as possible. Paid or controlled mentions should not be presented as independent evidence.
A measurement plan for Indonesia
- Choose a small prompt set based on real discovery, comparison, and due-diligence questions.
- Run Bahasa Indonesia and English prompts separately.
- Record date, product mode, account state, location, answer, brand mention, citations, and screenshots.
- Repeat prompts across several runs because outputs can vary.
- Separate brand mention, owned-domain citation, third-party citation, and positive or negative description.